Kernel build: (updated 2018-05-09)
Make sure you have ~40GB disk space available
apt-get install dpkg-dev
Go through /etc/sources.list and uncomment all the source URLs:
sed -i -e 's/^# deb-src/deb-src/' /etc/apt/sources.list
apt-get update
apt-get source linux-image-$(uname -r) (as normal user in home dir)
apt-get build-dep linux-image-$(uname -r)
apt-get install libncurses5-dev qt4-qmake libqt4-dev aptitude
cd  into kernel dir
chmod a+x debian/rules
chmod a+x debian/scripts/*
chmod a+x debian/scripts/misc/*
fakeroot debian/rules clean
fakeroot debian/rules editconfigs # you need to go through each (Y, Exit, Y, Exit..) or get a complaint about config later
Old way: make menuconfig   (changes as needed)
 Add something like "+test1" to the end of the first version number in the debian.master/changelog file
fakeroot debian/rules binary
When done, dpkg -i linux-{image,image-extra,headers}*version*.deb
Comment out both GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT lines in /etc/default/grub
Run update-grub as root
reboot

Device Drivers→ ATA/ATAPI/MFM/RLL support